giao tiếp i2c với ds1307, giúp mình giải thích đoạn code này với!

[loveboom3012]

void update_ds1307(void)
{
	int8 data=0; //luu tru du lieu tam thoi de gui vao ds1307
	i2c_start();
	i2c_write(0xd0);
	i2c_start(0x00);// ghi du lieu bat dau tu vi tri 00
	data=sec1+(sec2<<4);
	data=data&0b01111111;
	i2c_write(data);

	data=min1+(min2<<4);
	i2c_write(data);

	hour=hour1+(hour2<<4);
	i2c_write(data);
	
	data=day;
	i2c_write(data);
	
	data=date1+(date2<<4);
	i2c_write(data);

	data=month1+(month2<<4);
	i2c_write(data);

	data=year1+(year2<<4);
	i2c_write(data);
	
	data=0x00;
	i2c_write(data);
	
	i2c_stop();	
}

phần data=sec1+(sec2<<4);
data=data&0b01111111;
i2c_write(data);
có nghĩa là sao?

[toancdt]

sec2<<4; // sec2 dịch trái 4 bit
ví dụ: sec2=0b00001111 , sec2<<4 => sec2=0b11110000

data&0b01111111;//nhân từng bit giữa data và 0b01111111
ví dụ: a=data&0b00000111, data=0b01011010

0b01011010
x
0b00000111
a = 0b00000010

[loveboom3012]

mình tham khảo code như thế này, viết bằng ccs , báo lỗi, mấy bạn giúp mình với, đang làm đồ án cái lịch vạn niên

#include <16f877a.h>
#include <def_877a.h>
#fuses nowdt,noprotect,nolvp,hs,xt
#use delay(clock=4000000)
#use i2c(master,slow,sda=pin_c4,scl=pin_c3)
// cac dinh nghia
#define status 	rd4;
#define mode	rd5;
#define increase rd6;
#define decrease rd7;
#define led1 	ra0;
#define led2	ra1;
#define led3	ra2;
#define led4	ra3;
#define led5	ra4;
#define led6	ra5;
#define led7	re0;
#define led8	re1;
//khai bao cac bien
int8 sec,min,hour,dow,month,year;
const unsigned char maled[10]={0xc0,0xf9,0xa4,0xb0,0x99,0x92,0x82,0xf8,0x80,0x90};
int8 	sec1,sec2,min1,min2,date1,hour1,hour2,dow;
int8	day,date2,month1,month2,year1,year2,year3,year4;
void hienthi1(void);
void hienthi2(void);
void update_time(void);
void set_time(void);
void set_min(void);
void set_hour(void);
void set_day(void);
void set_date(void);
void set_month(void);
void set_year(void);
void main()
{
	set_tris_A(0x00);
	set_tris_b(0x01);
	set_tris_d(0xff);
	set_tris_e(0x00);
	porta=porte=0xff;
	while(1)
	{
		update_time();
		if(status==0)
			{hienthi2();}
		if(mode==0)
			{set_time();}
	}	
}	
void update_time(void)
{
	i2c_start();
	i2c_write(0xd0);	//gui dia chi cua slave
	i2c_write(0x00);	//thiet lap lai con tro
	i2c_Stop();
	i2c_start();
	i2c_write(0xd1);
	sec=i2c_read(0);
	min=i2c_read(1);
	hour=i2c_read(2);
	dow=i2c_read(3);
	date=i2c_read(4);
	month=i2c_read(5);
	year=i2c_read(6);
	i2c_stop();
	/////thuc hien chuyen doi 
	sec1=(sec&0x0f);
	sec2=(sec&0x70)>>4;
	min1=(min&0x0f);
	min2=(min&0x70)>>4;
	hour1=(sec&0x0f);
	hour2=(sec&0x30)>>4;
	day=(dow&0x07);
	date1=(date&0x0f);
	date2=(date&0x30)>>4;
	month1=(sec&0x0f);
	month2=(sec&0x10)>>4;
	yeardv=(year&0x0f);
	yearch=(year&0xf0)>>4;
}
//-------------Hien thi sec-min-hour--------------
void hienthi1()
{
	portb=maled[sec1);	led6=0;	delay_us(100);	led6=1;
	portb=maled(sec2);	led5=0;	delay_us(100);	led5=1;
	portb=maled[min1);	led4=0;	delay_us(100);	led4=1;
	portb=maled(min2);	led3=0;	delay_us(100);	led3=1;
	portb=maled[hour1);led2=0;	delay_us(100);	led2=1;
	portb=maled(hour2);led1=0;	delay_us(100);	led1=1;
	portb=maled[day);	led8=0;	delay_us(100);	led8=1;
}
//------------Hien thi day-date-month-year
void hienthi2()
{
	int16 i=0;
	while(status==0)
		{
		}
	while(i<600)
		{
			portb=maled(date1);led1=0;	delay_us(100);	led1=1;
			portb=maled(date2);led2=0;	delay_us(100);	led1=1;
			portb=maled(month1);led3=0;	delay_us(100);	led3=1;
			portb=maled(month2);led4=0;	delay_us(100);	led4=1;
			portb=maled(year1);led8=0;	delay_us(100);	led8=1;
			portb=maled(year2);led7=0;	delay_us(100);	led7=1;
			portb=maled(0x01);	led6=0;delay_us(100);	led6=1;
			portb=maled(0x02);	led5=0;delay_us(100);	led5=1;
			i++;
		}		
}
void update_ds1307(void)
{
	int8 data=0; //luu tru du lieu tam thoi de gui vao ds1307
	i2c_start();
	i2c_write(0xd0);
	i2c_start(0x00);// ghi du lieu bat dau tu vi tri 00
	data=sec1+(sec2<<4);
	data=data&0b01111111;
	i2c_write(data);

	data=min1+(min2<<4);
	i2c_write(data);

	hour=hour1+(hour2<<4);
	i2c_write(data);
	
	data=day;
	i2c_write(data);
	
	data=date1+(date2<<4);
	i2c_write(data);

	data=month1+(month2<<4);
	i2c_write(data);

	data=year1+(year2<<4);
	i2c_write(data);
	
	data=0x00;
	i2c_write(data);
	
	i2c_stop();	
}
void set_time(void)
{
	set_year(void);
	set_month(void);
	set_date(void);
	set_day(void);
	set_hour(void);
	set_min(void);
	set_sec(void);	
	while(mode==0)
	{
	}
	update_ds1307();
}
void set_year(void)
{
	while(mode==0)
		{
		}
	do
	{
		if(increase==0)
		{
			while(increase==0)
				{
				}
			year1++;
			if((year2==9) & (year1==10))
				{
					year1=year2=0;
				}
			if(year1==10)
				{
					year2++;year1=0;
				}
		}
		if(decrease==0)
		{
			while(decrease==0)
				{
				}
			year1--;
			if((year2==0) & (year1==255))
				{year1=year2=9;}
			if(year1==255)
				{year1=9,year2--;};
			
		}
		portb=0x02; led5=0; delay_us(200);	led5=1;
		portb=0x00; led6=0; delay_us(200);	led6=1;
		portb=maled[year2]; led7=0; delay_us(200);	led7=1;
		portb=maled[year1]; led8=0; delay_us(200);	led8=1;
		
	}
	while(mode==1);	
}
void set_month(void)
{
	while(mode==0){}
	do
		{
				if(increase==0)
		{
			while(increase==0)
				{
				}
			month1++;
			if((month2==1) & (month1==3))
				{
					month1=1;month2=0;
				}
			if(month1==10)
				{
					month2++;month1=0;
				}
		}
		if(decrease==0)
		{
			while(decrease==0)
				{
				}
			month1--;
			if((month2==0) & (month1==0))
				{month1=2;month2=1;}
			if(month1=0)
				{month1=9,month2--;};
			
		}
		portb=maled[month2]; led3=0; delay_us(200);	led3=1;
		portb=maled[month1]; led4=0; delay_us(200);	led4=1;
		}
		while(mode==1);
}
void set_date(void)
{
	while(mode==0)
	{		
	}
	do
		{
			if(increase==0)
			{
				while(increase==0){}
				date1++;
				if((date2==3)& (date1==2))
					{
						date2=0;date1=1
					}
				if(date1==10)
					{date2++;date1=0;}
			}
			if(decrease==0)
			{
				while(decrease==0){}
				date1--;
				if((date2==0)&(date1==0))
				{
					date2=3;;date1=1;
				}
				if(date1==255);
				{date2--,date1=9;}
			}
			portb=maled[date2];	led1=0;delay_us(200);led1=1;
			portb=maled[date1];	led2=0;delay_us(200);led2=1;
		}
		while(mode==1);
}
void set_day(void)
{
	while(mode==0){}
	do
		{
			if(increase==0)
			{
				while(increase==0){}
				day++;
				if(day==8)
					{day=1;}
			}
			if(decrease==0)
				{
					while(decrease==0){}
					day--;
					if(day==255)
					{day=7;}
				}
			portb=maled[day];	led8=0;delay_us(200);led8=1;
		}
	while(mode==1);
}
void set_hour(void)
{
	while(mode==0){}
	do
	{
		if(increase==0)
		{
			while(increase==0){}
			hour1++;
			if((hour2==2)&(hour1==4))
				{hour2=0;hour1=0;}
			if(hour1==1)
				{hour2++;hour1=0}
		}
		if(decrease==0)
		{
			while(decrease==0)
				{}
			hour1--;
			if((hour2==0)&(hour1==255))
				{hour2=2;hour1=3;}
			if(hour1==255)
				{hour2--;hour1=9;}
		}
		portb=maled[hour2];led1=0;delay_us(200);led1=1;
		portb=maled[hour1];led2=0;delay_us(200);led2=1;
	}
	while(mode==1);
}
void set_min(void)
{
	while(mode==0){}
	do
	{
		if(increase==0)
		{
			while(increase==0){}
			min1++;
			if((min2==5)&(min1==10))
				{min2=0;min1=0;}
			if(min1==10)
				{min2++;min1=0}
		}
		if(decrease==0)
		{
			while(decrease==0)
				{}
			min1--;
			if((min2==0)&(min1==255))
				{min2=5;min1=9;}
			if(min1==255)
				{min2--;min1=9;}
		}
		portb=maled[min2];led3=0;delay_us(200);led3=1;
		portb=maled[min1];led3=0;delay_us(200);led4=1;
	}
	while(mode==1);
}

[semipower]

Bạn cần nêu vắn tắt về nội dung chương trình, đặc biệt là nói rõ về thông báo lỗi. Như vậy mọi người mới giúp được.

[dientu90]

Tặng các bạn file thư viện ds1307

[dientu90]

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/// DS1307.C ///
/// Driver for Real Time Clock ///
/// ///
/// ds1307_init() - Enable oscillator without clearing the seconds register -///
/// used when PIC loses power and DS1307 run from 3V BAT ///
/// - Disable squarewave output ///
/// ///
/// ds1307_set_date_time(day,mth,year,dow,hour,min,sec ) Set the date/time ///
/// ///
/// ds1307_get_date(day,mth,year,dow) Get the date ///
/// ///
/// ds1307_get_time(hr,min,sec) Get the time ///
/// ///
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

#define RTC_SDA PIN_D5
#define RTC_SCL PIN_D4

#use i2c(master, sda=RTC_SDA, scl=RTC_SCL)

BYTE bin2bcd(BYTE binary_value);
BYTE bcd2bin(BYTE bcd_value);

void ds1307_init(void)
{
BYTE seconds = 0;

i2c_start();
i2c_write(0xD0); // WR to RTC
i2c_write(0x00); // REG 0
i2c_start();
i2c_write(0xD1); // RD from RTC
seconds = bcd2bin(i2c_read(0)); // Read current "seconds" in DS1307
i2c_stop();
seconds &= 0x7F;

delay_us(3);

i2c_start();
i2c_write(0xD0); // WR to RTC
i2c_write(0x00); // REG 0
i2c_write(bin2bcd(seconds)); // Start oscillator with current "seconds value
i2c_start();
i2c_write(0xD0); // WR to RTC
i2c_write(0x07); // Control Register
i2c_write(0x80); // Disable squarewave output pin
i2c_stop();

}

void ds1307_set_date_time(BYTE day, BYTE mth, BYTE year, BYTE dow, BYTE hr, BYTE min, BYTE sec)
{
sec &= 0x7F;
hr &= 0x3F;

i2c_start();
i2c_write(0xD0); // I2C write address
i2c_write(0x00); // Start at REG 0 - Seconds
i2c_write(bin2bcd(sec)); // REG 0
i2c_write(bin2bcd(min)); // REG 1
i2c_write(bin2bcd(hr)); // REG 2
i2c_write(bin2bcd(dow)); // REG 3
i2c_write(bin2bcd(day)); // REG 4
i2c_write(bin2bcd(mth)); // REG 5
i2c_write(bin2bcd(year)); // REG 6
i2c_write(0x80); // REG 7 - Disable squarewave output pin
i2c_stop();
}

void ds1307_get_date(BYTE &day, BYTE &mth, BYTE &year, BYTE &dow)
{
i2c_start();
i2c_write(0xD0);
i2c_write(0x03); // Start at REG 3 - Day of week
i2c_start();
i2c_write(0xD1);
dow = bcd2bin(i2c_read() & 0x7f); // REG 3
day = bcd2bin(i2c_read() & 0x3f); // REG 4
mth = bcd2bin(i2c_read() & 0x1f); // REG 5
year = bcd2bin(i2c_read(0)); // REG 6
i2c_stop();
}

void ds1307_get_time(BYTE &hr, BYTE &min, BYTE &sec)
{
i2c_start();
i2c_write(0xD0);
i2c_write(0x00); // Start at REG 0 - Seconds
i2c_start();
i2c_write(0xD1);
sec = bcd2bin(i2c_read() & 0x7f);
min = bcd2bin(i2c_read() & 0x7f);
hr = bcd2bin(i2c_read(0) & 0x3f);
i2c_stop();

}

BYTE bin2bcd(BYTE binary_value)
{
BYTE temp;
BYTE retval;

temp = binary_value;
retval = 0;

while(1)
{
// Get the tens digit by doing multiple subtraction
// of 10 from the binary value.
if(temp >= 10)
{
temp -= 10;
retval += 0x10;
}
else // Get the ones digit by adding the remainder.
{
retval += temp;
break;
}
}

return(retval);
}


// Input range - 00 to 99.
BYTE bcd2bin(BYTE bcd_value)
{
BYTE temp;

temp = bcd_value;
// Shifting upper digit right by 1 is same as multiplying by 8.
temp >>= 1;
// Isolate the bits for the upper digit.
temp &= 0x78;

// Now return: (Tens * 8) + (Tens * 2) + Ones

return(temp + (temp >> 2) + (bcd_value & 0x0f));
}